658). is outlined by the practice of nursing and the laws governing the profession consistent with their level of licensure (Russell 2017, 22) . BoardThe State Board of Nursing of the Commonwealth. (IV)has been determined to be a sexually violent predator under 42 Pa.C.S. 223; amended January 20, 1978, effective January 21, 1978, 8 Pa.B. (n)Nursing courses and curriculum shall be organized to continue the development of values, understandings, knowledge and skills needed in all aspects of professional nursing. The provisions of this 21.281 adopted July 22, 1977, effective July 23, 1977, 7 Pa.B. (c)The employment of less qualified instructors. (C)CRNPs who are currently licensed and certified. (a)The Board will assign registered nurses to one of the following license expiration dates: (1)April 30 in the even-numbered years. 222.1(k)); section 17.6 of the Practical Nurse Law (63 P.S. (a)The curriculum shall be based upon the philosophy and objectives of the program and shall be developed, implemented and evaluated by the faculty. (b)A CRNP who places his prescriptive authority approval on inactive status for less than 3 years is not required to meet the continuing education requirements in 21.332(b)(2) (relating to requirement of continuing education) during the period the prescriptive authority approval is on inactive status. (3)Additional instructors consistent with the size and needs of the programs. (b)Staff members of public or private agencies, institutions and facilities. (k)The failure of a program to cooperate with the Board by failing to provide requested information or reports, by refusing or limiting a site visit, or by refusing to adhere to restrictions mandated by the Board will be considered a violation of the standards for nursing education programs and may result in immediate referral of the program to the prosecution division to consider formal action to remove the program from the approved list as provided in 21.166 (relating to removal from approved list). 49 Pa. Code 21.18. 279.1(a)(3) and (7)). (f)A program in transition shall submit the following to the Board with the programs feasibility study: (1)A copy of the certificate of authority to operate a degree-granting institution from the Department of Education. The approved list will consist of programs on initial, full and provisional approval status. 1916. The provisions of this 21.232 amended July 1, 1983, effective July 2, 1983, 13 Pa.B. 212.1(k) and 216.1); and sections 9 and 17.6 of the Practical Nurse Law (63 P.S. (3)The techniques for administering the therapy have been established by a committee of licensed physicians and registered nurses within the employing agency. (vii)Health promotion and disease prevention. 106-386). (b)To obtain licensure, an applicant must meet the qualifications set forth in section 6(b)(1)(4) of the act (63 P.S. Article 9. (8)Insertion or removal of a peripheral short catheter. (L)Unlawful contact with a minor as defined in 18 Pa.C.S. The provisions of this 21.368 adopted June 2, 2006, effective June 3, 2006, 36 Pa.B. For a program in transition, the nurse administrator may serve as administrator of both the degree-granting and diploma nursing education program during the transition period. The provisions of this 21.153 amended March 25, 1977, effective March 26, 1977, 7 Pa.B. Division 47 - Standards for Community-Based Care RN Delegation Division 48 - Standards for Provision of Nursing Care by a Designated Caregiver Division 49 - Standards for Licensed Nurse Protocol Development and Utilization, Communicating a Prescriber's Re-Authorization of a Prescription and RN Dispensing A minimum of 60 days from publication in the Pennsylvania Bulletin of notice of intention to adopt shall be provided for public comment. The provisions of this 21.723a adopted October 16, 2015, effective October 17, 2015, 45 Pa.B. When prescribing or dispensing a drug, the CRNP shall document in the patients medical record the name, amount and dosage of the drug, instructions for taking the drug, the number of refills, the date and the CRNPs name. The provisions of this 21.183 amended under section 506 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. (a)A registered nurse educated and licensed outside of the United States or Canada may not practice professional nursing in this Commonwealth until the registered nurse is issued a license or temporary practice permit by the Board. (2)Additional faculty members as needed to insure an educationally effective student-faculty ratio. Under 1 Pa. Code 31.1 (relating to scope of part) 1 Pa. Code Part II (relating to general rules of administrative practice and procedure) is applicable to the activities of the proceedings before the Board. Safe, competent nursing practice is grounded in the law as written in the state nurse practice act (NPA) and the state rules/regulations. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (342920) to (342922). 3125 (relating to aggravated indecent assault). (iii)The mandated reporter has direct knowledge of the nature of the abuse. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (9699) to (9700). 139, Section 1, provides as follows: . 222.1(k)); section 17.6 of the Practical Nurse Law (63 P.S. 7822. (b)The Board will identify the specialty in which a CRNP is certified on the certification issued to the CRNP. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (385121) to (385122). The provisions of this 21.34 amended October 22, 1976, effective October 23, 1976, 6 Pa.B. 2677; amended September 16, 1983, effective September 17, 1983, 13 Pa.B. 2677. Final approval of the cooperating agency will depend upon a survey of the facilities. (b)The nurse administrators credentials shall be submitted to the Board for approval. (8)Insertion and removal of enteric double or multilumen tubes with or without mercury bags. (a)A licensed registered nurse may administer a drug ordered for a patient in the dosage and manner prescribed. 2677. (a)Certification by endorsement. The provisions of this 21.152 amended under section 506 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. (6)The request for temporary practice permit extension shall be submitted to the Board at least 60 days prior to the expiration date of the temporary practice permit. (a)If an advisory committee exists, the membership shall consist of representatives from practical nursing, professional nursing, general education and other community groups. (k)The ratio of credits in nursing to general education and elective credits shall be consistent with other associate degree programs in the college. 3345; reserved December 25, 1987, effective December 26, 1987, 17 Pa.B. (5)Involves individuals and their families in their health promotion, maintenance and restoration. The length of appointment of temporary and acting directors of CRNP programs may not exceed 1 year. CDRCommission on Dietetic RegistrationThe credentialing agency for the AND. 4730. (b)Adequate funds shall be allocated and properly budgeted for sound and effective operation of the school. Minnesota Board of Nursing 1210 Northland Drive Suite 120 Mendota Heights, MN 55120 Phone: 612-317-3000 Fax: 651-688-1841 Email: Nursing.Board@state.mn.us The provisions of this 21.372 issued under sections 6.1 and 8.1 of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. (iii)The course work must provide graduates with the knowledge and skills to: (A)Comprehend the pharmacotherapeutics of broad categories of drugs. (2)Pay the biennial renewal of licensure fee in 21.5 (relating to fees). Obtaining a RN license by examination for Pennsylvania graduates means that the applicant completed a Board approved RN nursing program, passed the NCLEX-RN, and meets the additional requirements for licensure. 212.1(k) and 218.1(c)); amended under sections 2.1(k) and 12.1(a) of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. Sexual violationThe term includes the following offenses: (i)Engaging in sexual intercourse, indecent contact or deviate sexual intercourse with a patient during the professional relationship. (7)Method of certifying and assuring attendance, and draft of certificate of attendance to be provided to course participants, as applicable. Following a review and consideration of comments received concerning a proposed interpretation, the Board may adopt interpretations by a majority vote taken at a scheduled public meeting of the Board. 651667.8), unless otherwise noted. 6219; amended August 24, 2012, effective August 25, 2012, 42 Pa.B. Where the Board of Nurse Examiners found no willful, repeated, deliberate or knowing violation, but merely acts which were deemed to deviate from accepted practice and errors of judgment, the court held that there was no violation of subsection (a) (1) and (4). 667.6), unless otherwise noted. (c)A nurse who attempts to raise as a defense an argument that conduct prohibited as a sexual violation or sexual impropriety was necessary or appropriate to the treatment of any patient shall be required to demonstrate competency in practice which relates directly to the treatment of sexual function or dysfunction. (iii)Examining or touching genitals without the use of gloves when performing an otherwise appropriate examination. In 2011-2012, the AHNA Practice Committee initiated a project to provide a specific state-by-state analysis of Nurse Practice Acts that referenced or addressed holistic nursing, holism and/or complementary alternative modalities (CAM) or integrative therapies within the practice of registered nurses (RNs). (4)The administration of intrathecal medications by an externalized ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The provisions of this 21.149 adopted May 19, 2006, effective May 20, 2006, 36 Pa.B. This section cited in 49 Pa. Code 21.505 (relating to immunity from liability); 49 Pa. Code 21.506 (relating to confidentialitywaived); and 49 Pa. Code 21.507 (relating to noncompliance). 106386). (4)Specify the circumstances and how often the collaborating physician will personally see the patient. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (335546) and (319599). For credit to be granted, the continuing education course or program must be approved by the Bureau, in consultation with the Department of Human Services, as set forth in 21.509. 1916. This section cited in 49 Pa. Code 21.34 (relating to removal from approved list); and 49 Pa. Code 21.41 (relating to notification; completion of program; records). (7)The Boards written decision will be a final decision of a governmental agency subject to review under 2 Pa.C.S. (2)Submit 18 copies of the feasibility study to the Board for approval. (f)The Board will regulate the practice of professional nursing. (5)Employ the teaching faculty at least 1 semester before the initiation of their teaching responsibilities. (8)Specify the amount of professional liability insurance that covers the CRNP. (h)The faculty of the educational unit in nursing shall conduct planned periodic evaluation of its organization and administration. The provisions of this 21.351 adopted July 22, 1977, effective July 23, 1977, 7 Pa.B. 6383(b)(2); section 2.1(k) of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. The number and size of classrooms shall be determined by the maximum student enrollment. 2063; amended December 11, 2009, effective December 12, 2009, 39 Pa.B. This section cited in 49 Pa. Code 21.156 (relating to renewal of license). (4)Therapeutic interpersonal relationship skills. (h)Consideration shall be given to individual differences among students. (2)Copy of the licensure or certification requirements at the time the applicant was initially licensed or certified by another jurisdiction and a copy of the criteria under which the applicant was initially licensed or certified, obtained from the jurisdictions board of nursing or licensing authority. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (238267). Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (366681). The provisions of this 21.365 adopted June 2, 2006, effective June 3, 2006, 36 Pa.B. (b)An applicant for initial certification shall include documentation satisfactory to the Board that the applicant meets the qualifications in 21.811 (relating to qualifications for initial certification). (c)Library facilities and resources, which are planned and maintained to meet the specific needs of the student and the faculty shall be as follows. 1916. 3122.1 (relating to statutory sexual assault). An Agency Data form, provided by the Board, shall be submitted for each new cooperating agency and field agency. These orders may include: (1)Orders for drugs, total parenteral nutrition and lipids, in accordance with 21.284 and 21.285 (relating to prescribing and dispensing parameters; and prescriptive authority collaborative agreements). 1996). 667.6); and 23 Pa.C.S. The provisions of this 21.203 amended under section 506 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. 218.5(c)(2)). (9)Accurately present professional qualifications and credentials. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (385203) to (385204). Phone - (717) 783-1400. (G)Leaving a child unsupervised with an individual, other than the childs parent, who the actor knows or reasonably should have known: (I)is required to register as a Tier II or Tier III sexual offender under 42 Pa.C.S. This chapter cited in 28 Pa. Code 107.12a (relating to specified professional personnelstatement of policy); 28 Pa. Code 109.66 (relating to blood transfusions and intravenous medications); 28 Pa. Code 501.4 (relating to regulations); 28 Pa. Code 551.52 (relating to ASF responsibilities); 28 Pa. Code 601.3 (relating to requirements for home health care agencies); 49 Pa. Code 41.26 (relating to professional corporations); and 49 Pa. Code 47.21 (relating to professional corporations). 212.1(k) and 216.1); and sections 9 and 17.6 of the Practical Nurse Law (63 P.S. The provisions of this 21.148a issued under section 17.6 of the Practical Nurse Law (63 P.S. 2677; amended March 20, 1981, effective March 21, 1981, 11 Pa.B. The provisions of this 21.16 amended October 22, 1976, effective October 23, 1976, 6 Pa.B. 2061; amended December 16, 2016, effective December 17, 2016, 46 Pa.B. 6196. 2677; amended September 16, 1983, effective September 17, 1983, 13 Pa.B. 4730. section 22.1 of the Podiatry Practice Act (63 P.S. (c)Prior to establishment or transition, a nursing education program shall: (1)Complete a feasibility study which includes: (i)Sufficient statistical data to support the need for a program within the community and to assure availability of an adequate supply and flow of interested candidates. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (50847) and (30257). Administrative records shall conform with the following: (4)Program bulletin. The following words and terms, when used in this subchapter, have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise: 186); sections 8 and 17.6 of the Practical Nurse Law (63 P.S. (iii)Shall include clearly defined policies relating to admission, promotion, retention, transfer, advanced placement and dismissal. Pennsylvania is one of 28 states that has not expanded the scope of practice in its licensure laws for certified registered nurse practitioners (NPs), who must maintain formal collaborative agreements with physicians to practice. Signed into law July 2, 2014: This bill amends the Whistleblower Law to include the General Assembly in the definition of public body and increases the maximum civil fine from $500 to $10,000. 3078; amended December 16, 2016, effective December 17, 2016, 46 Pa.B. CSPG No. 780-104). (3)The dates and location of the program. The provisions of this 21.285 issued under section 15(b) of the Medical Practice Act of 1985 (63 P.S. (b)An applicant for licensure by endorsement shall meet the requirements regarding age, good moral character, preliminary education and practical nursing education as outlined in the act. 667.6). Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (50846) to (50847). Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement policies often pay less than MDs get for the same service (85 percent for Medicare and 75 to 100 percent for Medicaid, depending on the state). Records shall be kept in locked fire-proof files. (a)The Board will accept hours of continuing education as designated by an approved provider, so long as each hour is at least 50 minutes of activity and each 1/2 hour is at least 30 minutes of activity. (2)The school wishing to establish agreements with a cooperating agency shall initiate meetings with the proposed cooperating agency to determine: (i)Compatibility of the educational philosophy and objectives of the cooperating agency with those of the parent school. (a)A CRNP shall comply with State, Federal and facility regulations regarding identification of personnel. 222.1(k)); and 23 Pa.C.S. (d)A practical nurse who has graduated from a practical nursing education program in a country or territory outside of the United States or Canada deemed equivalent to the program of study required in this Commonwealth at the time the program was completed and who obtained licensure in that country or territory upon having passed an examination considered by the Board to be equivalent to the examination required for licensure in this Commonwealth may be granted licensure by endorsement without examination. (b)The listing of a CRNP in an advertisement or publicly displayed sign shall identify CRNPs who use the designation Dr. as CRNPs by using the title CRNP following the individuals name. The provisions of this 21.33 amended October 22, 1976, effective October 23, 1976, 6 Pa.B. 3796; amended October 16, 2015, effective October 17, 2015, 45 Pa.B. The provisions of this 21.603 amended under section 2.1(k) of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. (3)Within 45 days of the date the temporary practice permit is issued, an individual who has been granted a temporary practice permit for a currently-licensed registered nurse shall submit the Verification of Licensure Form of the application for licensure and shall: (i)Request verification of licensure from the foreign jurisdiction and retain documentation of the submission of the request to provide to the Board upon request. (e)In addition to the fees prescribed in subsection (a), which are payable directly to the Board, a candidate for the practical nurse licensing examination shall also pay a fee to the National Council of the State Boards of Nursing (www.ncsbn.org) to cover costs associated with the preparation and administration of the practical nurse licensing examination. (vi)A list of affiliating schools utilizing the cooperating agency. 3040; amended November 17, 2000, effective November 18, 2000, 30 Pa.B. 1916. (2)A registered nurse who has not completed a minimum of 30 hours of continuing education shall make up the deficiency within 6 months of receiving notice of the deficiency. (8)Engage in conduct defined as a sexual violation or sexual impropriety in the course of a professional relationship. (ii)One program faculty member shall supervise no more than six students in a clinical course. (ii)Remitting the fee specified in 21.5. 3040; amended November 17, 2000, effective November 18, 2000, 30 Pa.B. (b)A CRNP with current prescriptive authority approval from the Board may prescribe, dispense and administer drugs and therapeutic or corrective measures consistent with the prescriptive authority collaborative agreement and relevant to the CRNPs specialty from the following categories: (3)Antineoplastic agents, unclassified therapeutic agents, devices and pharmaceutical aids. (b)The following words and terms, when used in this subchapter, have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise: 667.6); and 23 Pa.C.S. The provisions of this 21.131 adopted July 11, 2008, effective July 12, 2008, 38 Pa.B. (c)There shall be an education rationale for the selection and distribution of courses and for the selection of theoretical and clinical laboratory content in nursing courses. 216.1 and 218.1). However, only a CRNP with current prescriptive authority approval may develop and implement treatment plans for pharmaceutical treatments. (a)As a condition of approval, providers and credentialing organizations are required to provide CRNPs who complete continuing education courses with a certificate of completion which contains the information listed in 21.337(a) (relating to CRNP responsiblities). For chronic conditions, periodic follow-up evaluations shall be recommended to monitor the effectiveness of the controlled substance in achieving the intended results. 6383(b)(2). The provisions of this 21.17 adopted October 22, 1976, effective October 23, 1976, 6 Pa.B. According to the New Mexico Nurse Practice Act, the definition of Board approval for nursing programs is an official or formal consent, confirmation or sanction . Supervision and direction of certified and non-certified staff persons required for school operation exclusive of directing health services controlled by the Nurse Practice Act. 2827; amended December 16, 2016, effective December 17, 2016, 46 Pa.B. (ii)The training was approved by the Department of Human Services. 7822. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (261722) and (209951). The provisions of this Subchapter C issued under section 506 of The Administrative Code of 1929 (71 P.S. You are invited to contact a private attorney or professional organization for advice or guidance. The provisions of this 21.158 adopted July 1, 1983, effective July 2, 1983, 13 Pa.B. 216.1 and 218.1). For the American Nurses Association . The provisions of this 21.502 amended under section 2.1(k) of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. (3)National certification. 667.6); and 23 Pa.C.S. The provisions of this 21.62 amended October 22, 1976, effective October 23, 1976, 6 Pa.B. The applicant shall be exempt from payment of the biennial renewal fee of 21.5, 21.147 or 21.253 (relating to fees), as applicable. (2)A letter signed by the director or chief operating officer of an approved clinic that the applicant has been authorized to provide volunteer services in the named clinic by the governing body or responsible officer of the clinic. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (385175) to (385176). (b)Programs must measure outcomes of graduates at 1-year and 3-year intervals postgraduation. 667.6); amended under sections 2.1(k), 11(b), 11.2 and 12.1 of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. (2)An approved program which deems a new or different certification specialty title for graduates of that program requires approval as a new CRNP education program. 658). This section cited in 49 Pa. Code 21.803 (relating to applicability of rules relating to professional nurses). The minimum faculty and staff requirements are as follows: (2)Full-time faculty members in the areas of practice encompassed within the curriculum. Immediately preceding text appears at serial pages (209964) to (209965). 6311 (relating to persons required to report suspected child abuse) to make a report of suspected child abuse. (6)The registered nurse possesses the knowledge, skills and abilities related to the management of patients receiving intravenous conscious sedation with evaluation of competence on a periodic basis. 658); amended under sections 2.1(k) and 6.1 of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. The Board will make available a list of Board-approved English proficiency examinations on its web site. Training staff. 7822; amended March 25, 2022, effective March 26, 2022, 52 Pa.B. The provisions of this 21.233 amended July 1, 1983, effective July 2, 1983, 13 Pa.B. This section cited in 49 Pa. Code 21.363 (relating to approval process). (10)Administer IV medications for the purpose of procedural sedation or anesthesia. Diploma programs shall assume responsibility for formulating their own policies and submitting them for Board approval. 4730. 667.6). (2)Identify the specialty in which the CRNP is certified. The Medical Cannabis Act, provides for the medical use of cannabis (marijuana) in Pennsylvania for the treatment of certain medical conditions. 2677. This section cited in 49 Pa. Code 21.147 (relating to fees). (5)Administer medications via push or bolus route. A CNS seeking to renew certification shall verify compliance with continuing education requirements. 216.1 and 218.1). (2)Faculty records. The provisions of this 21.15 amended November 19, 1970, effective November 20, 1970, 1 Pa.B. The temporary practice permit will expire in 1 year, unless the individual fails the licensure examination, in which case the temporary practice permit will immediately expire. (b)The Board will notify a program, in writing, that the program will be placed on provisional approval status. 2103. 6383(b)(2). The provisions of this 21.156c issued under section 17.6 of the Practical Nurse Law (63 P.S. The Board will not renew a license or certificate unless the Bureau has received an electronic report from an approved course provider documenting the attendance/participation by the licensee in an approved course within the applicable 2-year biennial licensure cycle or the licensee has obtained an exemption under subsection (c). (2)October 31 in the even-numbered years. 659 and 667.6). (c)If the Board places a nursing education program on provisional approval status, the Board will notify the program, in writing, of the deficiencies and the amount of time that will be allowed for correction of the deficiencies that resulted in the programs placement on provisional approval status. (8)Activities approved by National nursing, risk management, health care quality and patient safety organizations. The process includes the following: (i)Immediate availability of a licensed physician to a CRNP through direct communications or by radio, telephone or telecommunications. The Oklahoma Nursing Practice Act states that "licensed practical nursing means the practice of nursing under the supervision or direction of an RN, licensed physician or dentist. Remuneration for employment shall be within the range of the salary scale for the position. (iii)Examining or touching the body of a patient except in the appropriate performance of the LDNs practice. (1)Prescriptions must bear the name, title and Pennsylvania CRNP certification number of the CRNP. (a)The consent of the patient to any sexual impropriety or violation is not a defense to any disciplinary charge for violation of the act or this subchapter. Board approval of the nurse administrators credentials shall be obtained prior to the appointment. 1986). 667.6). The provisions of this 21.150 added under section 2.1(k) of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. (4)School bulletins, including the following: (i)Comprehensive and current information. A Board-regulated practitioner who has reasonable cause to suspect that a child died as a result of child abuse shall report that suspicion to the coroner or medical examiner of the county where death occurred or, in the case where the child is transported to another county for medical treatment, to the coroner or medical examiner of the county where the injuries were sustained. (4)Performance of graduates on the State Board Test Pool Examination. (iv)The right to withdraw from treatment at any time. National guidelines for nursing delegation.Journal of Nursing Regulation, 7(1). (b)A student who meets the description in subsection (a) and who also desires to practice as a registered nurse while participating in the training program shall submit an application for licensure by endorsement and obtain a temporary practice permit as provided by 21.28 (relating to licensure by endorsement). In addition to providing information requested by the Board, the applicant shall provide: (1)An executed verification on forms provided by the Board certifying that the applicant intends to practice nursing exclusively: (i)Without personal remuneration for professional services. This section cited in 28 Pa. Code 107.12a (relating to specified professional personnelstatement of policy). An applicant for initial certification by endorsement shall have completed at least 3 hours of approved training in child abuse recognition and reporting in accordance with 21.508(a) (relating to child abuse recognition and reportingmandatory training requirement). Learn More Not A Member? A rescission of provider or credentialing organization approval will be made in accordance with 1 Pa. Code Part II (relating to General Rules of Administrative Practice and Procedure) or by amendment of this section. (a)The physical structures that serve the purpose of the nursing program and are available for student or faculty use, or both, include those that are provided in the immediate environment and those that are off the school premises. If the program on provisional approval status is not in compliance within this designated time, the CRNP program will be removed from the approved list. Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (335524). (h)Following the review of the program and before final Board action is taken to grant permission to recruit students, an initial faculty and nursing education program survey will be made by a nursing educational advisor of the Board. The provisions of this 21.287 adopted November 17, 2000, effective November 18, 2000, 30 Pa.B. Due to high call volume, call agents cannot check the status of your application. The provisions of this 21.374 issued under sections 6.1 and 8.1 of The Professional Nursing Law (63 P.S. (b)The philosophy, purposes and objectives of the CRNP program shall be developed and clearly stated by the faculty and be reviewed and revised at stated time intervals by this group. 6409; amended December 11, 2009, effective December 12, 2009, 39 Pa.B. (j)Courses in general education shall be shared with students in other disciplines of the controlling institution.
How To Hack Dragon Ball Z Final Stand,
Brownsville, Texas Naval Shipyard,
Articles P